Oil burner for brooders



March 24, 1925.

1,531,236 J. T. LANDGRAF OIL BURNER FOR BROODERS Filed dun. 9,1924

2 Sheets-Shut 1 March 24. 1925.

1,531, 23; J. 'r. LANDGRAF OIL BURNER FOR BROODERS mod Juno 9. 1924 2Shuts-Shut 2 Patented Mar. 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT oF 1,531,236 r ce.

JACOB T. LANDGRAF, OF IACOIB, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOB TO .AIEBICAN STEELPROD- UCTS 00., OF IACOIB, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION 01 ILLINOIS.

OIL BURNER FOB BBOQDEBS.

Application filed June 9,

To (117 whomit flmy concern:

' Be it known that I, JACOB T. LANDGRAF, citizen of the United States,residing at Macomb. Illinois. have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in an Oil Burner for Brooders; and I do hereby declare thefollowing to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains tomake and use the same.

My invention relates to oil burning brooder stoves and in some of itsgeneral aspects aims to provide an oil burning supply, air supply andoil burner unit affording decided advantages over those heretofore incommon use.

In one of its important objects, my inven-, tion aims to provide an oilwell, burner and oil pipe combination which. will permit the height ofthe flame to be regulated from outside the hover or hood of the burner,which will accomplish this regulation by raising or lowering the oilwell, and which will permit the use of a rigid and unjointed oil pipe asthe connection between the oil supply-and the'burner. More particularly,my invention provides an oil burning unit of this general classincluding a pivoted support which will permit, the supply end of thepipe to be raised and lowered with out raising or lowering the burnerand without unduly tilting the burner. It also aims to provide aconstruction for this purpose in which the oil supply pipe is rigidlyattached to both the burner and the oil well so as to form a unit, inwhich this unit is rockingly mounted, and in which the ivotal supportfor this purpose is mount on the duct thropgl'i which air is supplied tothe drum housing the burner.

In another of its objects, my invention aims to provide novel meanswhereby the oil well connected to the supply end of the oil pipe can-beraised or, lowered so as to vary the extentto which oil is supplied tothe wick of the burner, and aims to provide a construction in which theoil well will. continuously kept filled bya detachable oil container andin which the risingand lowering movement is positively limited. Moreparticularly, my invention aims to provide a construction for thispurpose in which the raising and lowering can be efi'ected by arotational movement of a simple cam member interposed between astationary sup- 1924. 8erlal no. 718,974.

support for the oil well, a second drumhousing the burner and preventingthe chicks from contacting with the latter, and

an intermediate air duct connecting the said two drums. For thispurpose, my invention provides an outer drum provided .with suitable airinlets, and provides the connecting duct with suitable air outletsopening into the drum. which houses the oil burner. Furthermore, myinvention provides simple means for leveling the unit. Still further andalso more detailed objects will appear from the following specificationand from the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 .is an elevation ofan oil burning brooder heater embodying my invention, showing this asemployed under a brooder hood or hove-r of which a fragmentary sectionis shown.

Fig. 2' is an enlarged and fragmentary central and longitudinal sectionthrough the same unit.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a section similar to the right hand portion of Fig. 2, butwith the cam ring, the oil well and the illustrated part of the oilcontainer shown in elevation;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the cam ring, taken from the bottomthereof.

Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken transversely of Fig. 2 along thezigzag line 66 of the latter.

11 i ig. 7 is a perspective view oftheoil we Fig. 8 is an enlargedvertical section through the oil burner and the hot air drums associatedwith the burner.

Fig. 9 is an elevation of the pivotally mounted unit which consists ofthe oil burner, the oil well and the interposed oil pipe, showing thisunit in the extinguished position in which the oil .barely reaches thebottom of the wick, the level of the oil being indicated by a dottedline.

Fig. '10 is a view similar to Fig. 9, but

' duct 2 also formed of sheet metal.

air duct desirably is laterally lmperforate.

within the upper portion of the hover 4.

showing the oil well raised so as to raise the level of the oil in theburner.

In the embodiment of the drawings, the heating unit of my inventionincludes a three-piece casing which acts both as a support-for theburner and the 011 supplying parts and also for supplying air to theburner without drawing this air from the interior of the hood or hoverof the brooder. This casing comprises a vertical sheet metal drum'lwhich is laterally imperforate except for an opening corresponding insection to the inverted channel formation of anTzlirr and connects thedrum 1 with an outer vertical drum 3, all three of the said casing partsdesirably havingtheir lower edges 1n a common plane so as to engage theground s1- multaneously. When in use, the inner drum 1 is disposedsubstantially under the center of the hood or hover 4 which is supported1ndependent of my said heating unit by legs 5 engaging the ground, theair duct 2 belng of such a length that the drum 3 is dlsposed entirelyoutside of the hover 4. The drum 3 has a plurality of perforations 6,which desirably are at a considerable height above the ground so as toprevent dust from readily blowing into them, and this drum has anaperture of a shape corresponding to that of the air duct 2 and openinginto the latter, the duct desirably having ears whereby it may besecured to the two drums, as

' for example by bolts 7 and 8. Theair duct 2 also desirably extendsinto the interior of the drum 1 and not only is freely open at that endof the drum but also is provided with perforations 9 for increasing theair connection between the duct 2 and the interior of the drum 1.

Extending through the air duct 2 is an oil pipe 10 which connects thebottom of an oil well 11 with the bottom of the oil burner. This burnermay be of any customary type and desirably is of a form having a loweroil font 12 1nto which a wick 13 extends. This oil chamber extendsupwardly into a burner draft casing 14 which is freely spaced from theburner casing 12 so as to permit hot air to flow upward through theintervening space, thereby producing a continuous circulation of warmair To control the height of the resulting flame, I provide simple meansfor varying the relative height of the oil well 11 with respect to theoil burner. For this purpose, I am here showing this burner as having abracket 15 of inverted U shape secured to the base of the burner 12,this bracket being pivoted on a pivot pin 16 extending through the upperends of a pair of risers 17 which are riveted to the opposite sides ofthe air duct 2 adjacent to the burner end of the latter.- Thus arranged,the burner together with the oil pipe 10 are pivotally supported, sothat the oil well 11 can be ralsed and lowered for the purpose ofcorrespondingly raising or lowering the oil in the oil casing 12 of theburner.

To permit of such a vertical movement of the oil well 11, I su port thisupon the top of a cam ring 18 wl neh is freely rotatable within the drum3. This cam ring has its lower edge formed in substantially sawtoothedfashion to afford a series of inclines, each of which is supported by apin 19 secured to the drum 3 and projecting inwardly of the latter. Thusarranged, 1t will be obvious from Figs. 1, 2 and 3 that the height ofthe top of this cam ring above the ground will depend upon therotational position of the cam ring with respect to the drum 3, and thatthe height of the oil well which rests on this cam ring will be variedaccordingly.

To move the cam ring rotationally for this purpose, I fasten to it anactuating member 20 which projects through a spiral slot 21 in the drum3' and which has a handle formation on its outer end. When this handleis at the lower end of the slot, the cam ring is in its lowest position,which position lowers the level of the oil well and correspondinglylowers the level of the oil in the burner font 12, so that the wick 13in the latter cannot draw up sufiieient oil by its capillary action tosustain a flame of any considerable height in the burner. On moving thecam ring by means of the handle 20 so that the cam teeth will raise thecam ring, the oil well is correspondingly elevated, thereby also raisingthe level of the oil in the burner font 12 and hence increasing theheight of the flame and the heating effect of the burner. Owing to thedistance between the burner and the oil well, I can readily employ anoil pipe 10 of rela tively great length in proportion to its diameter,and by forming this with substantially U-shaped pipe bends of relativelylarge radius, I can provide a suflicient flexibility in a pipe of anyordinary metal so as to compensate for the slight tilting of the shanksof the U with respect to each other during the adjusting movement.Consequently, I avoid the need of any joints in this pipe and henceeliminate the leakage of oil and other troubles which are apt to occurwhen using jointed pipes.

To maintain a proper supply of oil in the well 11. I desirably employthe upper portion of this oil well as the support for an oil containerwhich normally is inverted as shown in Fig. 2. This oil container 22desirably has a threaded cap 23 provided with two perforations, one ofwhich has an air vent pipe 24 extending through it and reaching to apoint which is close to the top of the oil containerwhen the latter isin its normal operative position. The other aperture in the cap 23serves as an air outlet and is closed by a spring pressed check valve'25 when the container is raised out of its operativeposition, but thestem 26 of this valve engages the bottom of the oil well 11' when thecontainer is placed in its operative position so as to raise the valveoff its seat against the pressure .of the spring.

As soon as suiiicient oil has flown out of the oil tank 22 into the well11 to cover the lower end of the air vent pipe 24, the flow of oil intothe well cea ses, but this flow will be resumed whenever the level ofthe oil flows below the level of the pipe 24, thereby maintaining oil ata substantially continuous level within the well and hence maintaining asupply of oil in the burner font at the same height above the ground.

In using my thus disclosed oil burning unit, it will be obvious thatafter the burner has been lighted, the regulating of the heat can all beaccomplished by a simple shifting of the handle 20 without raising thehover 4 or disturbing 'the chicks under the latter.

To make the adjustment more accurate, I desirably mount a spirit level27 on the air duct2, so that the three-piece sheet metal supportingmember of my appliance can initially be placed in a level position.However, I do not wish to be limited to this or other details of theconstruction and arrangement here disclosed, it being obvious that thesemight be modified in many ways without departing either from the spiritof a my invention or from the appended claims.

I claim as my invention 1. In airfoil-burning heater, a pair 0 spacedvertical groimd-engaging drums, a horizontal ground-engaging air duct ofinverted U-form rigidly connected at its ends to the respective drums, apivoted burner in one of the drums, a vertically movable oil well in theother drum, a substantially. U- shaped pipe arranged in the duct anddrums and having one end connected to the burner to one side of thepivot thereof and its other end connected to the well,a ring rotatablein the said other drum. and supporting the oil well and having lowcr camedges, means to rotate the ring, and means engaged with the cam edges ofthe ring whereby to raise or lower the oil well upon rotation of thering.

2. In an oil-burning heater, a pair of spaced vertical ground-engagingdrums, a

horizontal grpund-engaging air duct of in-' verted U-form. rigidlyconnected at its ends to the respective drums, a pivoted burner in oneof the drums, a vertically movable oil well in the other drum, asubstantially U- shaped pipe arranged in the duct and drums and havingone end connected to the burner to one side of the pivot thereof and itsother end connected to the well, a cam ring in the other drum supportingthe oil well, means oil well, and means to effect raising or low- Iering of the oil wellto thereby bodily tilt the U-shaped pipe and effectmovement of the burner about its said pivot,

4. In an oil' burning heater, an oil burner,

means to pivotally mount the burner, an oil well, means independent ofthe pivotal means of the burner to mount the well for vertical movement,a substantially U-shaped pipe connected at one end to the burner to oneside of the pivot thereof and connected at its other end to the oilWell, and means to effect raising or lowering of the oil well to therebybodily tilt the U-shaped pipe and effect movement of the burner aboutits said pivot.-

5. In an oil burning heater, a pair of vertical drums, an oil burnerpivotally mounted in one drum, a rotatable cam ring in the other drumhaving downwardly facing cam edges, said cam ring being engaged on itsperiphery with the inner circumference of the said other drum, rigidsupports on said other drum engaged with said cam edges, an oil wellseated on the cam ring, means to rotate the cam. ring, and a pipeconnected at its ends to the oil well and burner respectively.

6. In an oil burning heater, a pair of spaced vertical drums, an oilburner in one drum, the other drum having an air inlet, an

oil well in the said-other drum, means tomovably mount the oil burner,means to movably mount the oil well, lneansconnected to the burner andtothe well for effecting movement of the two in unison whereby to enablethe flame of the burner to be regulated, and an air conduit connected atits ends to the respective drums to conduct air from the said other drumto the first named drum and for housing the said means for effect iugmovement of the burner upon movement of the oil well.

7. In an oil-burning heater, a pair of spaced vertical ground-engagingdrums, a horizontal ground-engaging air duct of inverted U-form rigidlyconnected at its ends to the respective drums, and having one of itsends projecting into one of the drums, a burner in said drum, meanscarried by the said projecting end of the drum to pivotally support theburner, a vertically movable oil well in the other drum, means to effectregulable vertical movement of the oil well, and a pipe extendingthrough the air duct and connected at one end to the oil well andconnected at its opposite -end to theburner to one side of the pivotthereof.

8. In an oilburning heater, a pair of spaced vertical ground-engagingdrums, a horizontal ground-engaging air duct of nverted U-form rigidlyconnected at its ends to the respective drums, and having one of itsends. projecting into one of the drums, a burner in said drum, meanscarried by the said projecting end of the drum topivotally support theburner, a vertically movable oil well in the other drum, meansto effectreg-q ulable vertical movement of the oil well, and a pipe extendingthrough the air duct and connected at one end to the oil well andconnected at its opposite end to the burner to one side of the pivotthereof, each of the air duct ends being open, said projecting end ofthe air duct having lateral air outlets disposed in saidfirst nameddrum, the other drum having a series of air inlets disposed I drum,means to movably mount the oil well,

and a pipe connected at its ends to the burner and oil well respectivelyand extendin through the air duct.

10. 11 an oil-burning heater, a pair of spaced vertical ground-engagingdrums, a

the other drum, means to movably mount the oil well, and a pipeextending through the duct and connected at its ends to the burner andoil well. i

11. In an oil-burning heater, a pair of spaced vertical ground-engagingdrums, a horizontal ground-engaging air duct of inverted U-form rigidlyconnected at its ends 'to the respective drums, a burner in one drum, anoil well in the other drum and a pipe connecting the burner and oil welland extending through theair duct, the other drum having an air inletand the air duct having its ends communicating with the respective drumswhereby air can only enter the first named drum by first entering theother drum and then passing through the air duct. 1 i

12. In an oil-burning heater, a pair of spaced vertical ground-engagingdrums, a horizontal ground-engaging air duct of inverted U-formextending throughout the space between the drums and rigidly connectedat its ends to the respective drums, a movable burner in one drum, amovable oil well in the other drum, and means to conduct oil from thewell to the burner, and for communicating movement of the well to theburner so as to control the flame in the latter.

Signed at Macomb, Illinois, J une 6, 1924.

Jason T. LANDGRAF.

